AT Home with Christian Jessen - March 2011 - (Page 74)

WHAT’S IN A CIGARETTE? When you inhale, a cigarette burns at 700°C at the tip and around 60°C in the core. This heat breaks down the tobacco to produce 400 toxic substances. As a cigarette burns, the residues are concentrated towards the butt. The toxins that are most damaging are: ● Tar A carcinogen (substance that causes cancer) ● Nicotine An addictive substance that increases cholesterol levels in your body ● Carbon monoxide A poisonous, colourless, odourless and tasteless gas that reduces oxygen in the body. Lung cancer survival rates are higher the earlier the cancer is diagnosed. More than two-thirds of lung cancers are diagnosed at a late stage and so survival rates for these patients are lower. Overall, less than 10% of lung cancer patients survive the disease for over five years after diagnosis. LIFE EXPECTANCY At least 25,000 people die each year in the UK from the end stages of COPD. Many of these people have several years of ill health and poor quality of life before they die. About eight in 10 men with mild COPD will survive for five years or more after diagnosis, compared with seven in 10 women. The survival rate is lower in severe COPD. It is projected to be the fourth leading cause of death globally by 2030 due to increased smoking rates. > CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE This is a collective term for a group of conditions that usually occur together, and affect a person’s 074 | MARCH 2012 WORDS: Alice Newbold | PHOTOGRAPHS: Getty Images iding 4,000 chemicals capable of damaging the cells and systems of the human body, cigarette smoke is responsible for approximately five million deaths globally every year. By 2020, the United Nation’s World Health Organisation (WHO) expects the worldwide death toll to reach 10 million, causing 17.7% of all deaths in developed countries. With Britain clocking in at around 10 million smokers, underestimated by 2.8% due to inaccurate self-reports, such statistics paint the pleasure of a calming cigarette in a very ill light. While 22% of British males smoke, women are not far behind with 21% lighting up as a habit. Women, on average, smoke mostly between the ages of 20 to 24, whereas men pick up the habit later on, from age 25 to 35. Smoking costs the NHS more than £5 billion a year, and the bulk of the money spent on smoking-related illness goes to cardiovascular (heart) diseases (£250.8 million), according to a study by the Department of Public Health at Oxford University. A 2011 study has also shown that the toxic chemicals in tobacco smoke are more likely to give women heart disease than men, despite puffing less. With 32% of heavy smokers (more than 15 cigarettes a day) lighting up within the first five minutes of waking, the need for cigarettes, and ensuing dependence on our health sector, is leaning towards breaking point. H If you pu like a chimney and think you are getting away with it – you’re not. Even the occassional cigarette can kill Stub it HEALTH RISKS LUNG CANCER out SYMPTOMS ● An Dr Christian says... ‘While it is true that the amount of nicotine delivered by di erent brands of e-cigarettes can vary greatly, the risks of smoking far outweigh the possible risks of using electronic cigarettes.’ breathing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) narrows The most common cause of cancer the airways and makes flow of air deaths in the UK, lung cancer to and from the lungs harder, and accounts for more than one in five breathing more difficult. The diagnosis fatalities. Ninety per cent of lung of COPD requires lung function tests, cancer cases are due to smoking. One but it is not reversible, and gets worse in 10 moderate smokers and almost over time. Two main conditions that one in five heavy smokers will die indicate COPD are: of lung cancer. Emphysema Breathlessness The more cigarettes caused by damage to the you smoke in a day, LIVE LONGER: air sacs (alveoli). and the longer you’ve A CIGARETTE Chronic bronchitis smoked, the higher REDUCES A Coughing with a lot of your risk of lung SMOKER’S LIFE mucus, wheezing and cancer. Similarly, the BY 11 MINS shortness of breath which risk rises the deeper you lasts for at least three months. inhale and the earlier in life you started smoking. SYMPTOMS a cough most of the time ● A change in a cough you have hadfor a long time ● Being short of breath ● Coughing up phlegm that has signs of blood in it ● An ache or pain when breathing and coughing ● Loss of appetite ● Fatigue ● Weight loss ● Having a chronic chest infection. ● Having LIFE EXPECTANCY infrequent cough producing phlegm is the first symptom. This ‘smoker’s cough’ will gradually become more persistent (chronic) ● Breathlessness and wheezing during exertion, that will worsen as the smoking continues ● An excess of phlegm (sputum) ● An increase in chest infections, as well as a sudden worsening of symptoms (known as exacerbation). Wheezing, coughing and feelings of breathlessness aggravate a sufferer more than usual, while sputum normally turns yellow or green.

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of AT Home with Christian Jessen - March 2011

EDITOR'S LETTER
A WARM WELCOME FROM DR CHRISTIAN
NEWS
SAVE THE DATE
DEFENSIVE EATING
SLEEPING BEAUTY
SPOIL YOURSELF
FAMOUS FIGURES
WIN TOP PRIZES
DR JESSEN, I PRESUME
FEEL-GOOD FACTOR
A BEAUTIFUL MIND
PROTECT YOURSELF
GETTING OVER IT
KEEP CALM AND CARRY ON
WHAT LIES BENEATH
SUGAR HIGHS AND LOWS
WHAT'S UP, DOC?
ON THE RUN
SMOKING GUN
FRESHLY GROUND
I CAN'T EAT THAT
OFF THE SCALES
WALKING TALL
IN GOOD HANDS?
GIRLS ONLY
IN THE BLOOD
PERIOD PROPERTIES
FERTILITY HELP
A WEE ISSUE
UNDER YOUR HAT
CONFESSIONS OF AN ALCOHOLIC
DANGER ZONE
BODY BASICS
HEART-STOPPING MOMENTS
BACK TO BASICS
WALKING ON SUNSHINE
THE SKIN YOU LIVE IN
LISTEN UP
EYESORE
IN PLAIN SIGHT
DOWN UNDER
BUMP 'N GRIND
LET'S TALK ABOUT SEX
MAN TALK
DO YOU KNOW YOUR BMI?
I'LL HAVE A 'P' PLEASE
BOYS DON'T CRY
TO THE EXTREME
THREE-DAY SLIM DOWN
TOTALLY ADDICTED TO CAKE
JUST A PINCH
GYM JAMS
THEY'RE DOING WHAT?
GOTTA HAVE IT
EYES WIDE SHUT
PETER PAN PLAN
HOW OLD?
HOW OLD?
FUZZ FREE
FUZZ FREE
CUT HERE
CUT HERE
ON THE MEND
ON THE MEND
KNOW YOUR NIP/TUCKS
KNOW YOUR NIP/TUCKS
IN THE SPOTLIGHT
IN THE SPOTLIGHT
STAY SAFE ABROAD
STAY SAFE ABROAD
SAY CHEESE!
SAY CHEESE!
IVORY TOWER
IVORY TOWER
MOUTH MAYHEM
MOUTH MAYHEM
COMING SOON
COMING SOON
LIGHTEN UP
LIGHTEN UP
COULD YOU BE A GUINEA PIG?
COULD YOU BE A GUINEA PIG?
HEADS UP
HEADS UP
LAST WORD
LAST WORD
STOCKISTS
STOCKISTS

AT Home with Christian Jessen - March 2011

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