Ghost Gear Report - 62

114
115

116

117

118
119

120

121

122

123
124
125
126

127

128

129

130
131

132

133
134

62

Accumulation and Development of a Predictive
Transboundary Model. Unpublished master's
thesis. University of Washington.
Carlson, D.C. (2015). Ghost nets of Southern British Columbia: a fishers' perspective. Unpublished
Master's thesis. Royal Roads University.
FAO (2020). 2019 FAO Regional workshops on best
practices to prevent and reduce abandoned, lost
or discarded fishing gear in collaboration with the
Global Ghost Gear Initiative. Rome.
Richardson, K., Gunn, R., Wilcox, C. & Hardesty,
B.D. (2018). Understanding causes of gear loss
provides a sound basis for fisheries management.
Mar. Policy 96, 278-284 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpol.2018.02.021)
Richardson, K., Gunn, R., Wilcox, C. & Hardesty,
B.D. (2018). Understanding causes of gear loss
provides a sound basis for fisheries management.
Mar. Policy 96, 278-284 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpol.2018.02.021)
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
.
International Convention for the Prevention of
Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) 
Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by
Garbage from Ships (MARPOL Annex V) .
Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution
by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (London
Convention) 
IMO Action Plan to address marine plastic litter
from ships 
Gilman, E. (2015). Status of international monitoring and management of abandoned, lost and
discarded fishing gear and ghost fishing. Marine
Policy. 60. 225-239.
UN Environment (2017). Combating marine plastic litter and microplastics: An assessment of the
effectiveness of relevant international, regional and
subregional governance strategies and approaches.
Gilman, E. (2015). Status of international monitoring and management of abandoned, lost and
discarded fishing gear and ghost fishing. Marine
Policy. 60. 225-239.
Huntington, T., 2017. Development of a best
practice framework for the management of fishing
gear Part 2: Best Practice Framework for the Management of Fishing Gear. A report of the Global
Ghost Gear Initiative.
FAO, 2018b. Voluntary Guidelines for the Marking
of Fishing Gear. Committee on Fisheries 33rd
Session. Rome, Italy July 9-13 2018.
Gilman, E., 2015b. Status of international monitoring and management of abandoned, lost and
discarded fishing gear and ghost fishing. Mar.
Policy 60, 225-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpol.2015.06.016
Macfadyen, G., Huntington, T. & Cappell, R.
(2009). Abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded
fishing gear. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper 523
OSPAR Commission, 2014. Marine Litter Regional
Action Plan.
FAO, 2018b. Voluntary Guidelines for the Marking
of Fishing Gear. Committee on Fisheries 33rd
Session. Rome, Italy July 9-13 2018.

135 Donohue, M., Brainard, R., 2000. Mitigation of
environmental impacts of derelict fishing gear
through debris removal and environmental monitoring. ... Derel. Fish. Gear ... 58-78.
136 Huntington, T., 2017. Development of a best
practice framework for the management of fishing
gear Part 2: Best Practice Framework for the Management of Fishing Gear. A report of the Global
Ghost Gear Initiative.
137 Scheld, A.M., Bilkovic, D.M., Havens, K.J., 2016.
The Dilemma of Derelict Gear. Sci. Rep. 6, 1-7.
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19671
138 Gilman, E., 2015b. Status of international monitoring and management of abandoned, lost and
discarded fishing gear and ghost fishing. Mar.
Policy 60, 225-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpol.2015.06.016
139 Gilman, E., 2015b. Status of international monitoring and management of abandoned, lost and
discarded fishing gear and ghost fishing. Mar.
Policy 60, 225-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpol.2015.06.016
140 Mccoy, C., 2010. Fishing for energy partnership
cleans up marine debris pollution and promotes
benefits of recycling & energy-from-waste, in: 18th
Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference, NAWTEC18. pp. 155-158
141 Wankowicz, E., 2016. Sustainable fibre for sustainable fashion supply chains: Where the journey
to sustainability begins, in: 13th International
Conference on Industrial Logistics, ICIL 2016 Conference Proceedings. pp. 342-351.
142 https://www.wwf.org.pe/en/?uNewsID=357542
143 European Commission, 2019. Directive (EU)
2019/904 of the European Parliament and of the
Council of 5 June 2019 on the reduction of the impact of certain plastic products on the environment
144 Barnard, D.R., 2008. Fishery Data Series No . 08-05
Biodegradable Twine Report to the Alaska Board of
Fisheries.
145 Bilkovic, D.M., Havens, K.J., Stanhope, D.M., Angstadt, K.T., 2012. Use of Fully Biodegradable Panels
to Reduce Derelict Pot Threats to Marine Fauna.
Conserv. Biol. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.15231739.2012.01939.x
146 Escalle, L., Phillips, J.S., Brownjohn, M., Brouwer,
S., Gupta, A. Sen, Sebille, E. Van, Hampton, J.,
Pilling, G., 2019. Environmental versus operational
drivers of drifting FAD beaching in the Western
and Central Pacific Ocean. Sci. Rep. 1-12. https://
doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50364-0
147 Gilman, E., Bigler, B., Muller, B., Moreno, G.,
Largacha, E.D., Hall, M., Poisson, F., Toole, J.,
He, P., Chiang, W.-C., 2018. Stakeholder views
on methods to identify ownership and track the
position of drifting fish aggregating devices with
reference to FAO's Draft Guidelines on the Marking
of Fishing Gear. FAO Fisheries Circular ISSN 04290329. Rome, Italy.
148 Lopez, J.; Ferarios, J.M.; Santiago, J.; Alvarez, O.G.;
Moreno, G.; Murua, H., 2016. Evaluating potential
biodegradable twines for use in the tropical tuna
fishery, report to the Scientific Committee of the
Western Central Pacific Fisheries Commission,
WDPFC-SC12-2016/ EB-IP-11. Bali, Indonesia.
149 Antonelis, K., Huppert, D., Velasquez, D., June,
J., 2011. Dungeness Crab Mortality Due to Lost
Traps and a cost - benefit analysis of trap removal
in Washington State waters of the Salish Sea. North
Am. J. Fish. Manag. 37-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/
02755947.2011.590113
150 Restrepo, V., Dagorn, L., Itano, D., Justel-Rubio,
A., Forget, F., Moreno, G., 2017. A Summary of
Bycatch Issues and ISSF Mitigation Activities To
Date in Purse Seine Fisheries, with Emphasis on
FADs. ISSF Technical Report - 2017-06.
151 International Seafood Sustainability Foundation,
2020. RFMO Best Practices Snapshot - 2020.
152 Franco, J., Dagorn, L., Sancristobal, I., & Moreno,
G. (2009). Design of ecological FADs. Indian
Ocean Tuna Commission document.
153 Lopez, J.; Ferarios, J.M.; Santiago, J.; Alvarez, O.G.;
Moreno, G.; Murua, H., 2016. Evaluating potential
biodegradable twines for use in the tropical tuna
fishery, report to the Scientific Committee of the
Western Central Pacific Fisheries Commission,
WDPFC-SC12-2016/ EB-IP-11. Bali, Indonesia.
154 Kim, S., Kim, P., Lim, J., An, H., Suuronen, P.,
2016. Use of biodegradable driftnets to prevent
ghost fishing: physical properties and fishing

155

156

157

158

159

160
161

162

163
164

165
166
167

168
169
170

171

172

173

performance for yellow croaker. Anim. Conserv.
19. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12256
Wilcox, C., Hardesty, B.D., 2016. Biodegradable
nets are not a panacea, but can contribute to addressing the ghost fishing problem. Anim. Conserv.
19, 322-323. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12300
Large, P.A., Graham, N.G., Hareide, N.R., Misund,
R., Rihan, D.J., Mulligan, M.C., Randall, P.J., Peach,
D.J., McMullen, P.H., Harlay, X., 2009. Lost and
abandoned nets in deep-water gillnet fisheries in
the Northeast Atlantic: Retrieval exercises and
outcomes. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 66, 323-333. https://
doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn220
Macfadyen, G., Huntington, T., Cappell, R., 2009.
Abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing
gear. UNEP Regional Seas Reports and Studies 185.
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper
523., Aquaculture.
Natural Resources Consultants, 2013. DEEPWATER DERELICT FISHING GEAR REMOVAL
PROTOCOLS: Identifying and Assessing the
Feasibility of Removal of Deepwater Derelict Fishing Nets from Puget Sound, Washington. Seattle,
Washington.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Marine Debris Program, 2016. 2016 MARINE
DEBRIS HABITAT REPORT Habitat Marine
Debris Impacts on Coastal and Benthic Habitats
2016 NOAA Marine Debris Program Report 26.
Natural Resources Consultants, 2009. Marine Habitat Recovery of Five Derelict Fishing Gear Removal
Sites in Puget Sound , Washington.
Cho, D.-O., 2009. The incentive program for
fishermen to collect marine debris in Korea. Mar.
Pollut. Bull. 58, 415-417. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.
MARPOLBUL.2008.10.004
Good, T.P., June, J.A., Etnier, M.A., Broadhurst, G.,
2010. Derelict fishing nets in Puget Sound and the
Northwest Straits: Patterns and threats to marine
fauna. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 60, 39-50.
Scheld, A.M., Bilkovic, D.M., Havens, K.J., 2016.
The Dilemma of Derelict Gear. Sci. Rep. 6, 1-7.
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19671
Goodman, A.J., Brillant, S., Walker, T.R., Bailey, M.,
Callaghan, C., 2019. A Ghostly Issue: Managing
abandoned, lost and discarded lobster fishing
gear in the Bay of Fundy in Eastern Canada.
Ocean Coast. Manag. 181, 104925. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104925
Nordic Council of Ministers, 2020. Clean Nordic
Oceans main report - a network to reduce marine
litter and ghost fishing.
NOAA, 2018. Sixth Marine Debris Conference.
March 12-16, 2018. San Diego, California, USA.
Conference Proceedings.
European Commission, 2009. Council Regulation (EC) No 1224/2009 of 20 November 2009
establishing a Union control system for ensuring
compliance with the rules of the common fisheries
policy, amending Regulations (EC) No 847/96,
(EC) No 2371/2002, (EC) No 811/2004, (EC) No
768/2005,.
NOAA (2018). Sixth Marine Debris Conference.
March 12-16, 2018. San Diego, California, USA.
Conference Proceedings.
Nordic Council of Ministers (2020). Clean Nordic
Oceans main report - a network to reduce marine
litter and ghost fishing.
FAO (2013). Fisheries and aquaculture emergency
response guidance - Review recommendations for
best practice, in: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture
Proceedings. pp. 1-177.
Ronchi, R., Galgani, F., Binda, F., Mandic, M.,
Peterlin, M., Tutman, P., Anastasopoulou, A.,
Fortibuoni, T. (2019). Fishing for Litter in the
Adriatic-Ionian macroregion (Mediterranean Sea):
Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.
Mar. Policy 100, 226-237.
Wyles, K., Pahl, S., Carroll, L., Thompson, R.
(2019). An evaluation of the Fishing For Litter
(FFL) scheme in the UK in terms of attitudes,
behavior, barriers and opportunities. Mar. Pollut.
Bull. 144, 48-60.
Wilcox, C., Mallos, N. J., Leonard, G. H., Rodriguez, A. & Hardesty, B. D. (2016). Using expert
elicitation to estimate the impacts of plastic pollution on marine wildlife. Mar. Policy 65, 107-114
Ghost Gear Report

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Ghost Gear Report
