At Home with Chris Jessen 2018 - 138

KNEES UP
LOOKING AFTER THESE IMPORTANT
JOINTS WILL KEEP YOU MOBILE AND
ACTIVE FOR YEARS TO COME

T

he knee is one of the
most complicated joints
in the body. It locks into
position so you can
stand, acts as a hinge
so you can walk, needs to be strong
enough to take your weight and
resilient enough to withstand stresses
such as twists and turns when you
run, dance and play sport.
Even when you're just walking
around, going about your day-to-day
business, the forces of gravity mean
nine times your body weight goes
through your knees. Little wonder,
then, that knee pain is so common.
HOW THE KNEE WORKS

The knee joint is where your
thighbone (femur) and shinbone
(tibia) meet. The end of each bone is
covered with cartilage. This has a
smooth, slippery surface that allows
the ends of the bones to move against
each other with minimal friction and
without pain. Each knee has two
138 | FEBRUARY 2018

additional rings of cartilage between
the bones called menisci. These act
a bit like shock absorbers, spreading
the load more evenly across the joint.
The knee joint is held in place
by four thick, strong bands known
as ligaments. These stop the bones
moving in the wrong direction,
helping to prevent dislocation. The
thigh muscles (quadriceps) also help
to hold the knee joint in place.
Muscles are attached to the bones
by strong connecting tissues called
tendons. These tendons run on either
side of the joint, also helping to hold it
in place. When the muscles contract,
they shorten. This pulls on the tendon
and, in turn, moves the bone.
The kneecap (patella) is a thick,
triangular bone fixed firmly in the
middle of the large tendon that
attaches your thigh muscles to the
bone. The underside of the kneecap
is also covered with cartilage.
Like other joints, the knee is
surrounded by a membrane (the



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